International Financial Reporting Standards Assignment - 1

International Financial Reporting Standards - Assignment Example More than 100 countries have formally accepted IFRS as the standards for preparing financial statements and to become compatible with each other. IFRS are issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), a private sector international body. In fact, IASB itself is a new body, which emerged on the international scene in the year 2001, by replacing the International Accounting Standard Committee (IASC). With the increasing acceptance of these standards around the world, it appears all the more necessary for multinational enterprises (MNE) and countries with a global presence, that they should adopt the IFRS in order to make their functioning more acceptable in these areas. This will not only help the MNEs to save on their resources, but it will also help them in making use of similar modular and portable systems for accounting. There are many countries where the IFRS are not yet in use, but even in such countries, IFRS inspired standards are now being used. This helps in making the fullest use of the globalization and liberalization practices. Therefore it is in the interest of US companies that they should adopt the IFRS in all sincerity and make the best use of the available opportunities. In fact, adopting uniform standards will also help in tracking financial irregularities and thinking of appropriate solutions. Key benefits of going for IFRS include; i. Streamlining of reporting of the financial health of the company ii. Cost reduction - as companies will be able to make standard packages iii. Consistency in operations and financial details iv. Comparison with international competitors becomes easier. v. Better opportunities for accessing capital markets  

Written Play Reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Written Play Reports - Essay Example George Cuckor's direction is stunningly elaborate and his skilful handling ensures that none of the script's acerbic wit and irony is diminished under the fluff of the musical numbers. The execution of the musical is indeed praiseworthy and a truly befitting tribute to the George Bernard Shaw's classic 'Pygmalion'. Apart from the main protagonists, the actors playing Eliza Doolittle's father and Professor Higgins' mother, stand out for their acidic sharpness of dialogue and dialogue delivery. 2. Write a paragraph talking about the set design, the lighting, the costumes, the special effects, and the overall effect of the play. The film has sumptuous well lit sets of royal ballrooms where every pixel on screen appears buffed up and polished, with men and women draped in regal finery in sharp contrast to the threadbare and dirt encrusted faces of the poor folks at the shabby flower market. The set of Higgins' library stuffed full of hard bound books and recording instruments seemed quit e realistic for a professor of his stature. The background score backed by a full orchestra credibly supports and carries the play through its many moods. The costumes, scenery and production design-the handiwork of Cecil Beaton- was indeed successful in the challenge of intricately recreating London of a bygone era and ensuring that the characters and sets were not reduced to caricatures. It is known that an entire sound stage was converted into a hair, make-up and costume area for prepping for the famous Ascot sequence. 3. Write a paragraph describing the script of the play. Talk about which of the following aspects of the play are important to this script. You may not have to talk about all of these aspects in your paragraph, just the one's important to this play: subject matter, style, point-of-view, language, characterization, theme. While the story may be of a cockney girl's transformation into a lady on the back of a wager between an arrogant misogynistic phonetics professor and his friend- the genial interlocutor Col. Pickering, the subtexts run significantly deeper and are rife with satire and social commentary on how language and dialects create barriers and restrict social mobility; and a lowly flower girl's grit to break that barrier and to obtain a better station in life and be a respected lady as articulated by her in 'Isn't it loverly?' and an arrogant professor whose interest in the matter is entirely selfish. It is the style of presentation and articulation of these thoughts through intelligent verbal duelling and lyrical jousting like that of the pompous Prof. Higgins, the blatantly immoral Alfred DO little that entertains and enlightens the audience throughout. Despite perpetuating cultural stereotypes the musical remains non judgemental and largely fair and the watching the metamorphosis of Hepburn's Eliza Dolittle is quite enthralling. The film succeeds in showing the audience how accents and language reflects class and upbringing and how it can affect a person's life and lifestyle. 4. Who would you recommend see this play? This musical for all its attention to detail, its extravagant costumes and witty banter would appeal to the most discerning of audiences of all ages and watching the story unfold from a third person perspective is quite interesting, the story line itself being refreshing for a transatlantic audience. But even if these fail to impress, who can resist the charm and grace of Audrey Hepburn and the hope that the character of Eliza Dolittle holds out. Sound of Music 1) The movie in its appearance and content has more or less lived up to the source or origin, the autobiography of Maria Von Trapp (The Story of the Trapp Family

Bed Wetting in School Children Essay Example for Free

Bed Wetting in School Children Essay Bedwetting (also referred to as nocturnal enuresis) is the involuntary passing of urine during sleep after the age at which bladder control usually occurs. It can be an embarrassing, frustrating and distressing problem that affects millions of children. It is more common than most parents think. Many children are dry at night by the time they reach the age of 5 but others take longer to become dry. When children still wet the bed when they are 6 or older, parents usually start to become concerned that their child may have some kind of physical or emotional problem. Some decide not to stress about it and give it time; others will seek medical advice, take their child to counselling or use alternative therapies. Once children go to Primary School and become aware that other kids of their age are dry at night they become embarrassed about it. Some children avoid going to sleepovers and school camps because of the fear of other kids discovering their problem. Teenagers are usually even more distressed by the bedwetting and many worry the problem will never go away. It often has a significant impact on their self-esteem. I decided to choose Bowen Therapy for Bedwetting as the subject for my Research Project because I have always had a passion for working with children. As a mother of two daughters and having dealt with toilet training issues I have experienced how upsetting and frustrating bedwetting can be for a child and their family. As Bowen Therapy is a wonderful holistic technique to promote physical and emotional balance, it is an ideal way to help children gain control of this problem. This research task explores the different causes and methods of treatment of nocturnal enuresis. It also outlines the anatomy of the urinary system and the nerves and muscles involved in micturition to gain a better understanding of how Bowen Therapy addresses this condition. I evaluated the effectiveness of Bowen Therapy on nocturnal enuresis in combination with dietary modifications as recommended by Mr. Bowen. The therapeutic value of omega-3 fatty acids is also mentioned (which have been proven to be effective in treating nocturnal enuresis) and the benefits of Neuro-Developmental reflex integration exercises.

Macroeconomic Variables and Equity Market Relationship

Macroeconomic Variables and Equity Market Relationship Introduction The equity market also known as stock market is the market for buyers and sellers to trade their equity instruments. There are a few types of equity securities, the most common form of equity securities are preferred stock and common stock. Equity market is important for a company because it allows a company to acquire funds without incurring debts. However, not all the companies are allowed to issue shares, only public listed company which is a limited liability company are allowed to issue share for the sale to the public. The buyers of the stock also became an ownership of a corporation and common stock holders have the right to vote on issues important to the corporation. Company pays their stock holders dividend annually base on the profit of the years. There are two main branches for investor to trade the corporate stock, which are organized exchange and over-the-counter (OTC). Organized exchange trading is governed by regulations and formal procedures to ensure the soundness o f the market. However, stocks that traded through over-the-counter is more informal and uses electronic to trade. From the past, statistics has shown that stock prices can be determined by the economic factors. Literature Review The objective of the authors to carry out the research is to examine the relationship between macroeconomic variables with equity market. The research can helps stakeholder to understand more about equity market and the impact of macroeconomic variables toward equity market. Kim, McKenzie, and Faff (2003) had investigated the impact of scheduled announcements made by government for macroeconomic variables toward the risk and return of three major US financial markets which include equity market. Ioannidis and Kontonikas (2007) had investigates the impact of monetary policy on equity market performance in 13 OECD countries. Abugri (2006) had investigated the relationship between macroeconomic variables with equity market performance. Hooker (2004) had investigated the macroeconomic variables to predict the equity market performance using the Bayesian model developed in Cremers (2002). Patel (2012) had carry out the research in on Indian Stock Market for the effect of macroeconomic det erminants on the performance of market. Trivedi and Behera (2012) and Prof. Sangmi and Hassan (2013) also had carry out research on Indian Stock Market for the relationship between equity prices and macroeconomic variables. Abdelbaki (2013) had used Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model to examine the relationship between macroeconomic variables and Bahraini equity market. Verma and Ozuna (2004) had carried out an empirical investigation for the outcome of Latin American stock markets influence by the macroeconomic variables. Maysami, Howe and Hamzah (2004) had examined the cointegration between macroeconomic variables and stock market’s sector indices rather than the composite index. Most of the journals had chosen interest rate and money supply as one of the macroeconomic variable which will affect the equity market. Nevertheless, foreign exchange rate, inflation rate, industrial production, gross domestic product, foreign direct investment, unemployment rate, gold price and stock market index also popular macroeconomic variables used to carry out the researches. Besides that, few authors also used some unpopular variables such as balance of trade, consumer price index, producer price index, volatility in foreign market and retail sales growth to do their researches. The following table shows the macroeconomic variables used by the authors to carry out their researches. The reason that the authors conduct the research is to provide empirical evidence and also extend the research area that previous researchers voided. The reason that Kim, McKenzie and Faff (2004) do this research is because literature only investigate about the news announcement without investigate about the impact of important macroeconomic variables announcement and the actual news announcement that different from the participant’s expectation that reflect the stock price. Ioannidis, Kontonikas (2008) expand the literature of the significant of monetary policy and stock price by including dividend payment of stock return of 13 OECD countries. Abugri (2008) examine whether the macroeconomic indicator could significantly explain the stock market returns of Latin American. Verma and Ozuna (2005) investigate whether macroeconomic movement significantly impacts the equity market of other Latin American countries. Hooker (2004) extends the research by including macroeconomic varia bles to examine the expected emerging equity market return. Patel (2012), Trivedi and Behera (2012) investigate the existing literature by including eight more macroeconomic variables to test the effect of macroeconomics as determinant on the performance of the Indian stock market. Sangmi and Hassan (2013) examine the effects of macroeconomic variables on Indian stock market in the Arbitrage pricing theory (APT). Abdelbaki (2013) carry out the research to find the significant relationship between macroeconomic variables and Bahraini stock market development (BSMD). Maysami, Lee, and Hamzah (2004) extend the research between macroeconomics variable and stock market’s sector indices instead of the composite index and examine relationships between selected macroeconomic variables and the Singapore’s stock market index (STI), and Singapore Exchange Sector indices. In order to determine the relationship of the macroeconomic variables and stock return, there was variety of test employed by different researchers for different purposes. First, Ioannidis and Kontonikas (2008) employed the Jarque-Bera test to test for the normality. They indicate that stock returns are non-normally distributed which leading the results of hypothesis testing invalid. By taking into account of the non-normality stock returns, bootstrap analysis was undertaken. The researchers also used the ordinary least squares method and the Newey-West heteroscedasticity consistent covariance matrix estimator method to examine the negative relationship between stock returns and interest rates. Moreover, Patel (2012), Trivedi and Behera (2012), and Maysami, Lee, and Hamzah (2004) found that the Johansens cointegration test (Johansen and Juselius, 1990) is more powerful in estimating the cointegrating vectors than Engle and Granger’s (1987). This is because cointegration can be tested in a full system of equations under one procedure, without requiring a specific variable to be normalized. This enables researchers to avoid carrying excessive errors from the first- into the second step. It also allows the avoidance of a priori of assumptions of endogenity or exogeniety. Moreover, the Johansen framework incorporates dynamic co-movements or simultaneous interactions, which enable researchers to study the channels through which of the macroeconomic variables affect the asset prices as well as their relative importance. Furthermore, Trivedi and Behera (2012), Patel (2012), and Verma and Ozuna (2005) identify that the Argumented Dickey-Fuller unit root test must carry out first to find the non-stationary of the variables before the Vector Error Correction which is used to investigate the long-run relationship and short-run dynamics among the variables. For the ADF test, reject the null hypothesis of non-stationarity for all the series. Then estimate the model i n log first difference if the given log first difference of all series is stationary which help to ensures that the series of data do not consist of unit roots problem and this could avoids the spurious relationships. In addition, Trivedi and Behera (2012) and Abugri (2008) estimates impulse response functions (IRFs) which are derived from the Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR). This estimates is used to measures the time profile of the effect of a shock on the behavior and investigate the dynamic relationship of equity prices with macroeconomic variables. Lutkenpohl (1991) states that depending on the ordering of the variables in the VAR model, the results from impulse response functions may have big different which may subject to the â€Å"orthogonality assumption†. Hence, Koop, Pesaran, and Potter (1996), and Pesaran and Shin (1998) combat the problem by employed â€Å"generalized† impulse response functions which are invariant to any reordering of the variables in t he VAR and also helps to any to ensure that the results are not subject to the orthogonality assumption. Last but not least, Hooker (2004) employed the Bayesian model selection approach. Due to the results could be sensitive to model specification problem, particularly when including additional variables in the regressions. Meanwhile, the theory provides little guidance as which macroeconomic variables should be included and excluded. This approach considers all achievable (linear) combinations of included explanatory variables, assigns them each flat priors of inclusion, and estimates their posterior probabilities. The purpose of the researchers is to examine the significant or insignificant relationship between macroeconomics variables and equity market. Kim, McKenzie and Faff (2003) found a significant relationship between equity market and price information of customer and producer. This can be evidenced by government announcements relating unexpected balance of trade news, bond market and financial market volatility which have great impact and important to the internal economy and subsequently influence equity return. Ioannidis and Kontonikas (2007) identify that the relationship between interest rate of monetary policy and expected equity return is significant. This had proved that the central bank can changed the interest rate to influence assessment of stock market. Moreover, Abugri (2006) found that the global variables which include interest rate, exchange rate, industrial production and money supply in four Latin American countries are significantly influence stock market’s ret urn. However, Hooker (2004) discovered that exchange rate do not provide significant results on equity market returns. Patel (2012) has identified commodity prices is one of the important variables that will significantly influence the stock market’s return. Hence, he suggested that the policymakers should try to maintain competitive price levels by implementing proper import duty and local taxes. Trivedi and Behera (2012) identify that there is a positive relationship between equity returns and macroeconomics variables which include index of industrial production, wholesale price index, foreihn institutional investment and capital international world index. Prof. Sangmi and Hassan (2013) have found that macroeconomics such as inflation, exchange rate, industrial production, money supply and interest rate, bring significant impact to the equity market where enhance in inflation would lead to higher stock price and tend to have higher rate of return. Abdelbaki (2013) found tha t the macroeconomics variables like income level, domestic investment, banking system development, private capital flows and stock market liquidity provide significant effects on a stock market functions, development and role in national economy. Verma and Ozuna (2004) found out that the use of cross-country Latin American macroeconomics variables is not significant in determining Latin American stock market movements. Maysami, Howe and Hamzah (2004) found out that the Singapore stock market formed significant relationship with all macroeconomic variables identified like money supply and interest rate, while the other Equity Index shows significant relationships on selected variables. Most of the journals are leading us to know that the macroeconomics variables and equity market have a significant relationship. Overall the researcher of Abugri (2006), Hooker (2004), Patel (2012), Trivedi and Behera (2012), Prof. Sangmi and Hassan (2013), Maysami, Howe and Hamzah (2004), found out th at macroeconomics variable such as interest rate and exchange rate is mostly the key of affecting the equity market. Recommendations Conclusion The results of the journals show us there is significant impact of macroeconomic variables toward the equity market. Hence, we recommend that there is a need for the government to initiate policies that will lower the interest rates as lower interest rate may boost up the equity market performance. There is a need for the government to control money supply since the results from the journals show that high money supply will lead to a better stock performance. Besides that, government also needs to control the exchange rate because there stock performance will go worse if the exchange rate is too high. Moreover, inflation rate may also a vital factor that will lower down the equity market performance if it is not control well. Hence, government is playing an important role and they should always analyze the equity market to boost up the country’s economy. In conclusion, macroeconomic variables significantly influence the stock price due to the implementation of macroeconomic variables affects the economic performance and companies’ stock price will be dropping during economic recession. Hence, movement of stock price can be predicted through the announcement or implementation of macroeconomic variables by the government.

MTV: Music Mainstream Essay -- Entertainment Television Papers

Invention of MTV MTV pioneered the music video, music television industry. The music video genre was taking its first steps in the 60s and 70s. MTV seized upon the idea, linked it with cable television and created a media icon. MTV has been the launching pad for the careers of stars for two decades. On the MTV model, other music television programs adopted the format such as BET, VH-1, and the Nashville Network. MTV has continuously pushed the envelope in music and social issues. Their success deserves to be studied. The story of the founding of MTV has valuable lessons for the media industry. This is a brief look at who did it, how they accomplished it and their adaptations to the changing nuances of the industry. Linking music and the video is similar to the linking of sound and films in the early 20th century. It changed the way Rock and Roll music did business. Rock groups and soloists no longer had to sound good; they now had to look good close up. Professionals in video art and technology joined with professionals in the sound recording industry. The concept of the video jockey, VJ evolved. The term â€Å"yeah, I saw that song† was born. Prior to the invention and distribution of cable television, rock and roll music was flourishing. The few television networks limited the convergence of music and television in existence at the time. The music video was an experiment and the resources the networks could provide limited it. Music and television usually converged on Saturdays with programs like â€Å"the Monkeys†, and the cartoon â€Å"the Beatles† in the morning, â€Å"American Bandstand† in the early afternoon, â€Å"Soul Train† in the late afternoon, and â€Å"Midnight Special† or â€Å"Don Kirshner’s Rock Concert† Saturday night.... ...deos, all the time†. Who knows what will happen in the future of music television. Either way MTV will find a way to dominate popular culture and help young kids fit into the society that MTV keeps creating and recreating. Work Cited Absolute TRL. Show Index. 5 November 2001. http://absolutetrl.net/showinfo/index.html Denisoff, Serge R. Inside MTV. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 1988. Waits, Jennifer C. (1997). Fantastic Reality: The Blurring of Leisure and Work Space On MTV’S The Real World and Road Rules. Bowling Green State University: Bowling Green, OH. http://www.mtv.com http://www.mtvi.com http://www.rockthevote.org http://www.CKY2K.net â€Å"Rockin in Time 4th Edition† David P. Szatmary, Prentis Hall INC. 2000. â€Å"The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Rock† Carlton Books Limited, 1993, Michael Heatley Editor, p. 321-22.

History lesson :: essays research papers

Confucius and Mao in the Formation of Chinese Communist Ideology   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The People’s Republic of China is officially classified a communist republic and has been for quite some time now. The Chinese Communist Party thoroughly dominates Chinese society, controlling all major governmental, economical, and cultural institutions. This formation of government can be accredited greatly to Confucius and Mao Zedong. Both of these figures significantly impacted the cultural, socialistic, and ideological beliefs in today’s modern Chinese society, as we know it. Confucius propagated his communistic beliefs through Confucianism in China during the 6th and 5th century B.C. Confucianism has traditionally been the substance of learning, the source of values, and the social code of the Chinese people. His beliefs can be viewed as a religion and also as a philosophy. More than a creed to be professed or rejected, it affected the daily life and culture of the Taoists, Buddhists, and Christians alike in China before the establishment of the Communist regime. Confucianism has also influenced part of Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. Throughout all the Dynasties of China, Confucianism has been the basic foundational belief system to rule. During the mid 19th century, confrontations began between the Western culture and the Chinese culture. This led to a radical reconsideration of the Chinese worldview and way of life. Confucianism lost support during the Ch’ing dynasty and the Republican era began in 1911. However, Confucianism remains embedded in Chi nese culture, influencing even interpretations of Marxist and other modern religious-philosophical perspectives. Mao Zedong influenced Chinese history and Communistic thought with Maoism from 1893-1976. He not only was a principal Marxist theorist, but he was also a soldier and a statesman who led his nations Communist revolution. Mao led the Chinese Communist party from 1931 till his death and was chairman of the People’s Republic of China from 1949 to 1959. He organized Communist guerilla units to defend against the Nationalists. Despite being pushed back in battle, Mao still managed to write a great piece of literature known as the â€Å"little red book.† He organized a program called, â€Å"The Great Leap Forward† in an attempt to restructure the economy along Communist lines. Both, Confucianism and Maoism influenced Chinese thought and culture. It is with these beliefs that the Chinese thrives upon and will carry throughout genealogies. How or in What Way the History of Asia Influences the Present   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The history of Asia influences the present day Chinese Culture and thought in numerous ways.

Chem Sba 1

Name: Derell Ruan Form: 4B1 SBA: Chemistry Aim: To determine which gas, Ammonia or hydrogen chloride defuses faster. Hypothesis: Ammonia will defuse faster than hydrogen chloride. Materials Equipment: Chemicals: * 2 retort clamp and stand Ammonia * 1 ? m glass tube * 2 250cm3 beakers * Cotton Wool * Stop clock * Meter rule * Tweezers * 2 Rubber bum Method: The equipment was collected. * The glass tube was placed between the two clamps ensuring that it was leveled. * A small amount of hydrochloric acid was poured into the beaker. * The cotton wool was placed at one end of the glass tube using tweezers. Seal it off with a rubber bum. * Repeating steps 3-5 simultaneously. * The stop clock was started, keeping record of time taken to the white cloud to form. * The meter rule was used to measure the distance of the white cloud from each end of the tube. ResultsChemical| Distance| Time ( in sec)| Rate of Diffusion| Molecular weight | Ammonia| 90| 285| 0. 315| 17. 03| Hydrochloric acid| 60 | 285| 0. 210| 36. 46| Interpretation of results: The purpose of the glass tube is to eliminate air currents and to let the gas molecules will move on their own. The gas molecules follow a path through the tube as they collide with the air molecules in the tube. Ammonia will diffuses faster because it has a faster rate of diffusion and it is almost twice a light as Hydrochloric acid.A cloud like figure should show up when the gases collide. Conclusion: The reaction which is taking place is: ammonia + hydrogen chloride > ammonium chloride NH3Â  (g) + HCl (g) > NH4Cl (s) The exact time taken for the cloud to form depended on the dimensions of the tube, and the amount of the solutions which are put on the cotton wool. The cloud formed nearer to the hydrochloric acid end of the tube because ammonia diffuses faster than hydrochloric acid.This is because hydrogen chloride has almost twice the molecular weight of ammonia, and the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square r oot of the molecular mass of the gas. The hypothesis was correct and is proven by the results of the experiment and what was interpreted was also proven by the results of the experiment. Limitations: The experiment could not have been conducted several times enabling the results to be more accurate, because of the high risk that it could have done to the human body.